Eugene Moran: The USAAF Tail Gunner Who Survived Unbelievable Odds and Kept Fighting

Photo Credit: US Air Force / National Museum of the US Air Force / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain
Photo Credit: US Air Force / National Museum of the US Air Force / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain

On November 29, 1943, Eugene Paul Moran, serving as a tail gunner aboard a Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, narrowly escaped a devastating crash when his bomber was struck and was destroyed during a mission over Germany. Such a catastrophic event would normally have resulted in no survivors, particularly for the tail gunner. Yet, against all odds, Moran miraculously emerged alive from the wreckage.

Thus unfolds the extraordinary story of a humble tail gunner who defied expectations after being shot down by enemy fire.

Enlisting in the US Army Air Forces (USAAF)

Two Boeing B-17F Flying Fortresses dropping bombs while another flies behind them in the distance
Boeing B-17F Flying Fortresses radar bombing over Bremen, Germany, 1943. (Photo Credit: US Air Force / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain)

Eugene Moran, born on July 17, 1924, in Wisconsin, grew up working on his family’s farm near Soldiers Grove. When World War II began, instead of continuing his farm work, he answered the call to serve his country overseas, in response to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Motivated by these events, he enlisted in the US Army Air Forces (USAAF).

Like many of his peers, Moran enlisted at the age of 18 in October 1942. Following his training, he was assigned to the 96th Bombardment Group, 339th Bombardment Squadron, Eighth Air Force.

Eugene Moran enters the fight

10-man crew of the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress 'Rikki Tikki Tavi' standing together
Crew of the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress Rikki Tikki Tavi, including Eugene Moran. (Photo Credit: jschueller1980 / American Air Museum in Britain CC BY-NC 3.0)

Now in the fight, Eugene Moran became a tail gunner aboard the B-17 Flying Fortress Rikki Tikki Tavi, after the mongoose in the Rudyard Kipling novel, The Jungle Book. He, along with the nine crewmen, were stationed at RAF Snetterton Heath, tasked with flying daytime bombing runs over Germany.

Moran and the rest of Rikki Tikki Tavi‘s crew had only completed four missions when disaster struck.

Disaster strikes the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress Rikki Tikki Tavi

Boeing B-17G Flying Fortresses dropping bombs
Boeing B-17G Flying Fortresses bombing Germany, 1944. (Photo Credit: US Air Force / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain)

On November 29, 1943, Rikki Tikki Tavi joined other B-17s of the Eighth Air Force, on a mission to Bremen, Germany. After successfully dropping their bombs over the city, Rikki Tikki Tavi fell behind the other planes and became the only target of the German defenses.

The B-17 sustained damage from both aerial and ground attacks. Eight crew members were killed, leaving only Eugene Moran and the bomber’s navigator alive. The navigator, stationed in the forward section, managed to bail out successfully, while Moran was left trapped in the tail section.

Things go from bad to worse

Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress dropping bombs, while three others fly around it
Boeing B-17 Flying Fortresses with the Eighth Air Force conducting a mission over Germany, 1944. (Photo Credit: Bettmann / Getty Images)

Despite the dire circumstances, things were about to get worst. Before Eugene Moran could react, German flak hit Rikki Tikki Tavi, ripping it apart. The tail section, just ahead of the vertical and horizontal stabilizers, managed to stay intact. Moran tried to open a hatch to escape, but it was stuck.

Luckily, the tail section fell less violently than the rest of the B-17, allowing Rikki Tikki Tavi’s tail to glide relatively smoothly.

Eugene Moran fought until the very end

Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress 'The Thomper' in flight
Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress The Thomper under attack, 1944. (Photo Credit: US Army Air Forces / US Air Force / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain)

For most people, survival would have been their first priority. With that out of his hands, Eugene Moran continued to fight until he reached the ground. He fired his two M2 Browning machine guns at the Luftwaffe-flown Messerschmitt Bf-109s that continued to attack him. Seeing a seemingly unknown aircraft above, the German flack batteries also continued firing at Moran.

A few moments later, the tail section of Rikki Tikki Tavi glided down to earth, stopping abruptly when it flew into a tree. Moran was alive, but badly injured. He was bloodied and had a cracked skull from when his head was thrown against his machine guns upon impact. He’d also sustained broken ribs and forearms. Moran was attended to by two Serbian prisoners of war (POW), who were doctors. They’d seen the crash and rushed to help.

Surviving his time as a prisoner of war (POW)

American prisoners of war (POWs) marching through the snow
American prisoners of war (POWs) captured by the Germans during the Battle of the Bulge. (Photo Credit: CORBIS / Getty Images)

Luckily, the American tail gunner went on to make a full recovery. That being said, he wasn’t out of the woods. Over the course of 17-18 months, Eugene Moran was moved to different prisoner of war camps in Germany, Russia and Poland, and also survived a 600-mile march between February and April 1945.

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On April 26, 1945, Moran, weighing only 128 pounds, was liberated by his fellow Americans in Bitterfeld, Germany. Upon his return to the United States, he was awarded two Purple Hearts, the Air Medal with Gold Leaf Cluster, the Good Conduct Medal and the European Theater Award.

Ryan McLachlan

Ryan McLachlan is a historian and content writer for Hive Media. He received his Bachelor of Arts in History and Classical Studies and his Master of Arts in History from the University of Western Ontario. Ryan’s research focused on military history, and he is particularly interested in the conflicts fought by the United Kingdom from the Napoleonic Wars to the Falklands War.

Ryan’s other historical interests include naval and maritime history, the history of aviation, the British Empire, and the British Monarchy. He is also interested in the lives of Sir Winston Churchill and Admiral Lord Nelson. Ryan enjoys teaching, reading, writing, and sharing history with anyone who will listen.

In his spare time, he enjoys watching period dramas such as Murdoch Mysteries and Ripper Street and also enjoys reading classical literature and Shakespeare. He also plays football and is an afternoon tea connoisseur.