An RAF engineer accidentally took off in an English Electric Lightning without knowing how to fly

Photo Credit: 1. Evening Standard / Hulton Archive / Getty Images 2. MidJourney
Photo Credit: 1. Evening Standard / Hulton Archive / Getty Images 2. MidJourney

Not every member of the Royal Air Force (RAF) serves as a pilot; there is also a lot of attention that must be given to the crew responsible for aircraft maintenance. Engineer Walter Holden, for example, encountered a dangerous situation while performing routine work on an English Electric Lightning. Sitting in the cockpit, he accidentally activated the take-off sequence, sending the aircraft racing down the runway.

Walter Holden trained as a pilot

Members of the No. 111 Squadron RAF standing on the wing of an English Electric Lightning
No. 111 Squadron RAF with an English Electric Lightning, 1965. (Photo Credit: Peter Warren / Daily Mirror / Mirrorpix / Getty Images)

In 1943, Walter “Taffy” Holden enlisted in the RAF while studying mechanical engineering. While he initially had no plans to become a pilot, he completed mandatory flight training on a de Havilland Tiger Moth and, later, on a Harvard aircraft.

After successfully finishing his training, he earned his pilot’s wings and went on to fly a de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk.

Performing routine maintenance

English Electric Lightning F1s lined up on a runway
English Electric Lightning F1s of No. 74 Squadron RAF, at RAF Coltishall, 1961. (Photo Credit: Evening Standard / Hulton Archive / Getty Images)

Walter Holden shifted his attention from aviation to focusing on his career in RAF engineering. Excelling in his duties, he advanced to lead the No. 33 Maintenance Unit RAF at RAF Lyneham by 1966. The unit played a key role in the upkeep of aircraft like the English Electric Lightning, slated for retirement, as well as Canberras and the Gloster Meteor.

Needing to test aircraft XM135

Members of No. 74 Squadron RAF walking past a row of English Electric Lightnings
Members of No. 74 Squadron RAF walking past a row of English Electric Lightning at the Farnborough Airshow, 1961. (Photo Credit: Evening Standard / Hulton Archive / Getty Images)

To formally retire the fleet, Walter Holden required a pilot to evaluate aircraft XM135, but it would be over a week before one could arrive. Not wanting to delay, he decided to do it himself. His task was simply to taxi the Lightning on the ground to check different electrical systems—reaching high RPMs, shutting down the engine, and braking.

Since there was no plan for takeoff, Holden skipped the helmet and radio, using hand signals instead to coordinate with his ground crew. The plane lacked a canopy, the landing gear was fixed in the down position, and the ejector seat was non-operational.

Things take a turn…

English Electric Lightning taking off
English Electric Lightning F1 with No. 74 Squadron RAF at the Farnborough Airshow in Hampshire, 1961. (Photo Credit: Evening Standard / Hulton Archive / Getty Images)

The initial test went smoothly; however, during the second, Walter Holden accidentally pushed the throttle beyond the afterburner gate. Unfamiliar with the Lightning, he didn’t know how to shut it off.

The aircraft soon began accelerating rapidly. He narrowly avoided a fuel tanker and a low-flying de Havilland Comet but was quickly approaching a village at the end of the runway. With no way to stop and time slipping away, Holden had no choice but to take off.

A touchy landing

English Electric Lightning XM135 on display
English Electric Lightning XM135. (Photo Credit: Alan Wilson / Flickr CC BY-SA 2.0)

Once airborne, Walter Holden turned off the afterburner and concentrated on landing. He made two attempts but struggled to align the Lightning properly. On his third try, he succeeded, though his inexperience led him to land the aircraft as if it were a taildragger. This caused the tail to hit the runway, detaching the drogue parachute, which could have helped slow down the Lightning.

Despite this, Holden managed to bring XM135 to a stop with only 300 feet of runway left. The entire flight lasted approximately 12 minutes.

Walter Holden wasn’t punished for the incident

English Electric Lightning F1 XM470 taxiing down a runway
English Electric Lightning F1 XM740 with the RAF 74 Tiger Squad landing after a formation flying routine at the 1962 SBAC show at Farnborough. (Photo Credit: Victor Crawshaw / Daily Mirror / Mirrorpix / Getty Images)

Despite the way he landed, the Lightning was repaired and returned to service until 1974, when it was put on display at Imperial War Museum Duxford. Holden emerged without a scratch, but was put on leave in Italy after the media caught wind of the story. He wasn’t punished, and only had to admit that he should have left the test to a pilot familiar with Lightnings.

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With this small slap on the wrist, he continued serving with the RAF until the early 1980s.

Rosemary Giles

Rosemary Giles is a history content writer with Hive Media. She received both her bachelor of arts degree in history, and her master of arts degree in history from Western University. Her research focused on military, environmental, and Canadian history with a specific focus on the Second World War. As a student, she worked in a variety of research positions, including as an archivist. She also worked as a teaching assistant in the History Department.

Since completing her degrees, she has decided to take a step back from academia to focus her career on writing and sharing history in a more accessible way. With a passion for historical learning and historical education, her writing interests include social history, and war history, especially researching obscure facts about the Second World War. In her spare time, Rosemary enjoys spending time with her partner, her cats, and her horse, or sitting down to read a good book.

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